Chap 5
Data Handling
SOME IMPORTANT FACTS
1. Information in the form of numerical figures is called observations.
2. Observations gathered initially are called Raw data.
3. The number of times a particular observation occur is called its frequency.
4. When the number of observation is large , the data is usually organized into groups called class intervals.
5. Table showing the frequencies of various class intervals is called a frequency distribution table.
6. Data in the class intervals is called a grouped data
7. A bar graph is used to show comparison among categories.
8. A Pie chart is used to compare parts of a whole. In a pie chart, the values of different components are represented by the sectors of a circle. The total angle of 3600 at the centre of a circle is divided according to the values of the components. Central angle for a component =
( Value of the component x 360/Total value ) 0
9. A Histogram is a bar graph that shows data in intervals.
10. A line graph displays data that changes continuously over periods of time.
11. A line graph which is a whole unbroken line is called a linear graph
12. Probability : probability is a concept which numerically measures the degree of uncertainty and therefore , of certainty of the occurrence of events.
Probability of the happening of A =
No of favorable outcomes of A / Total no. of possible outcome
P( impossible events ) = 0 , p ( sure event ) = 1 and 0≤p(A) ≤1.
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